Which model explains that a stressful circumstance leads directly to a negative outcome?

• A. Stressor-outcome model
• B. Social-supports model
• C. Consequences of stress
• D. Suicide prevention training

Answer: (A)

The key idea being tested is whether a stressful circumstance can produce a negative outcome in a direct, unmediated way. The stressor-outcome model proposes exactly that: a stressful situation leads straight to a negative result, with little or no intervening factors shaping that link. This makes it the best fit for describing a direct causal path from stress to outcome, which is what the question asks.

The other options describe different ideas. A social-supports perspective focuses on how having social support can buffer or alter the impact of stress, rather than stating that stress automatically leads to a negative outcome. A phrase like “consequences of stress” is too vague and doesn’t specify a model of the pathway from stress to outcome. Suicide prevention training is an intervention aimed at reducing harm, not a model that explains how stress translates into outcomes.