Which label corresponds to the outcome that stress can produce, including consequences such as substance abuse?

• A. Stressor-outcome model
• B. Perceived danger
• C. Consequences of stress
• D. Suicide prevention training

Answer: (C)

Stress can lead to various results, and these are described by the label “consequences of stress.” This fits best because it directly names what stress can cause, including behaviors like substance abuse, which are common outcomes when coping resources are overwhelmed. The other ideas describe different concepts: a model that links stressors to outcomes, an internal appraisal of threat or danger, or a program designed to address the issue, none of which naming the actual outcomes of stress. By focusing on consequences, we recognize the range of possible effects stress may have on behavior and health, with substance abuse serving as a clear example of an adverse outcome.